The oil industry in Nigeria has lost billions in divestment in the last decade from fiscal uncertainties leading players to call for reforms, which culminated in a draft bill that stalled for two decades but got limited passage in the National Assembly last year. The bill, with major adjustments, is once again to be tabled by the executive to the lawmakers next week.
Passage of the bill, industry players say, is urgently needed to get money into the energy sector at a time taxation is on the rise, coupled with other regulatory uncertainties that are stifling investment in the industry, Reuters reports.
It is recalled that Nigeria has not carried out a full revamp of the law underpinning its oil and gas sector since the 1960s. Piecemeal tax hikes, and a growing lack of certainty around terms, have made companies wary.
Government officials say a sweeping overhaul is imminent and will be presented to the National Assembly next week, which, for industry leaders is not a moment too soon.
“It’d be challenging,” Jeffrey Ewing, managing director of Chevron Nigeria, said of investing without regulatory clarity. “They’re competing against the world.”
Chevron is selling assets in Nigeria. Total’s stake in the profitable Bonga offshore field is also on the block, while ExxonMobil is looking to shed Nigerian fields as part of a global retrenchment strategy.
Fiscal uncertainty has delayed a decision on a multi-billion expansion, known as Bonga Southwest, by Royal Dutch Shell and its partners.
Total Chief Executive Patrick Pouyanne, speaking to Reuters in Scotland, said he took a forceful message to President Muhammadu Buhari, who holds the oil portfolio.
“My message there was…please lift the uncertainty, because today operators in Nigeria are waiting, which is not good for the Nigerian economy,” Pouyanne said. “It is not good for investments in the country, so we are waiting.”
Minister of State for Petroleum, Timipre Sylva, said the revised law governing oil and gas – dubbed the Petroleum Industries Bill (PIB) – would be presented to the National Assembly next week.
The law governs virtually all terms of oil and gas – from who allocates coveted exploration licences to where money goes once it lands in government coffers.
A draft measure is circulating – divided into two bills, one covering fiscal terms and the other the share that goes directly to oil-producing communities. Both topics are contentious.
While unanimous that removing regulatory uncertainty is crucial for investment, some companies also hope a new law will make taxes and fees more transparent.
Nigeria last year hiked offshore oil royalties – changes companies said rendered billions in planned investments unprofitable.
A VAT increase passed last month added costs too. Consultant, Wood Mackenzie said offshore projects would, at a minimum, be delayed.
The changes contrast those in some other African countries that are making exploration terms more attractive as they compete for a limited pool of capital. Lower oil prices and concerns about the future of fossil fuel because of climate change are curbing the desire to invest.
Industry officials said NNPC head, Mele Kyari had listened to their concerns.
“We’ve given them (the Nigerian government) a tough message, and that message has been received,” an international oil executive said, asking not to be named.
Speaking at the Nigeria International Petroleum Summit in Abuja this week, Sylva said now the congress and the presidency are held by the same party, it would be easier to avoid the bill getting stuck in “quicksand”.
Kyari said there would be a clear fiscal landscape by June.
“Investors are not NGOs. When they are not sure of making their money, they will walk away,” Kyari said, adding: “They will be assured that when they invest, they can recover their cost and they will make their margins.”
